Mental health impacts of interpersonal violence in sports

Open AccessMental health impacts of interpersonal violence in sportsCarla Edwards, Malte Christian Claussen, and Ralph Erich SchmidtCarla EdwardsDr. Carla MD, Michael G. DeGroote School Medicine, McMaster University, Waterloo Regional Campus, 10B Victoria Street South, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada, N2G [email protected]://orcid.org/0000-0002-2256-1963 Department Psychiatry Behavioral Neurosciences, Canada Search for more papers by this author, Claussenhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8415-3076 Clinic Depression Anxiety, PZM Center Münsingen AG, Münsingen, Switzerland Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, Schmidt Psychology, Geneva, authorPublished Online:February 17, 2023https://doi.org/10.1024/2674-0052/a000039PDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInReddit SectionsMoreViolence presents many contexts within the world sports. It is an expected component combat collision sports can occur accidentally that feature high speeds or athletes competing proximity. Non-accidental sport has been defined International Olympic Committee (IOC) as maltreatment through harassment abuse [1], which include physical, sexual, psychological well neglect. Many studies refer type “interpersonal sport” [2]. Children experience from coaches, peers, members athlete entourage [1]. Vertommen reported severe physical experienced childhood was associated with distress reduced quality life adult [2].While true prevalence unknown likely underreported, one need not look far see masses all nations emerge survivors years system [3, 4].Another be other individuals, often considered context world, intimate partner violence. This concept private occurs behind closed doors; however invade when reports are filed alleging abuse, video emerges assaulting their [5]. Normalization violent aggressive behavior linked higher rates male across collegiate professional sport, including sexual assault [6]. Connections have also made between aggression watching against women [6].Mental outcomes intentional may neuropsychiatric sequelae traumatic brain injuries, substance use disorders anger management problems. More research needed fully elucidate describe these risks. The mental documented These depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), suicidality, disorder, eating disorders, self-harm behaviors, dropping out sport.The various types any at age level nation time. As into individual, environmental, organizational risks factors contribute further informs governments organizations levels, education policies begin effect change. While culture blamed used a justification abusive misogynistic changing vitally necessary make safer place overall: work, play watch. Safe initiatives must endorsed highest levels organization create environments all; but respect, effective communication, safety healthy relationships team will impact greatest number greater positive on outcomes.References1 Mountjoy M, Brackenridge C, Arrington Blauwet Carska-Sheppard A, Fasting K, et al. consensus statement: (non-accidental violence) sport. Br J Sports Med. 2016;50:1019–1029. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-096121 First citation articleGoogle Scholar2 T, Kampen J, Schipper-van Veldhoven N, Uzeblo Van Den Eede P. Severe children sport: Associated problems adulthood. Child Abuse Negl. 2018;76:459–468. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.12.013 Scholar3 Moghe S, del Valle L. CNN January 2018. Larry Nassar’s victims, own words. Available from: https://cnn.com/2018/01/16/us/nassar-victim-impact-statements/index.html [Accessed February 7, 2023]. Scholar4 Rabson M. study expand beyond just hockey, MPs say. Globe Mail. October 12, 2022. https://www.theglobeandmail.com/politics/article-committee-study-on-abuse-in-sport-must-look-to-hold-athletes-coaches Scholar5 Axon R. Ray Rice case prompted NFL changes domestic violence, cases continue test policy. USA Today. September 20, 2019. https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/investigations/2019/09/18/nfl-domestic-violence-ray-rice-tyreek-hill-ezekiel-elliott-adrian-peterson/2215187001/ Scholar6 Forsdike O’Sullivan G, Hooker Major events violence: systematic review. Health Soc Care Community. 2022;30:e3670–e3685. https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.14028 ScholarFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 2Issue 1February 2023ISSN: 2674-0052eISSN: 2674-0052 InformationSports (2023), 2, pp. 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1024/2674-0052/a000039.© 2023The Author(s)LicensesDistributed Hogrefe OpenMind article under license CC BY 4.0 ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)PDF download